Trailers rumble in, one after the other, just before the sale begins.
The air is taut with tension as owners unload their horses and park them in a sea of connecting metal corrals.
Among them is a 7-month-old quarter horse filly named Mocha.
Young, middle-aged and old, the healthy, the starved and the crippled - all the horses are here for the same reason.
“Hay is too expensive,” explains Carl Penner of Hamilton, who has brought a horse to the auction. “It costs a lot to keep them.”
And so, people sell them - or try to.
Horses are suffering as the economy falters, and not just in Montana.
It's a nationwide problem, said Gene Greimann, a longtime Hardin veterinarian.
“It's pretty clear we've got a situation,” he said. “And it's pretty critical.”
Montana has seen a rash of horse neglect and abuse cases in recent months, most recently in the Bitterroot Valley, where two Georgia outfitters are accused of abandoning their pack horses, one of which nearly starved.
In the Billings area, Greimann said, “people are turning horses loose on the Crow Reservation, and we have had several ranchers who have found stray horses starved, laying down and banging their head on the ground in misery.”
Because the horses lack brands, there's speculation they're being dumped by people who couldn't sell them at the Billings livestock auction, he said.
Problems with strays on the reservation have become so severe, he said, that the Bureau of Indian Affairs has had to round up horses and auction them off.
“The BIA is trying to get them a better home, but I don't think they sold 10 to 20 percent of those horses,” he said.
Things aren't much better at the Missoula auction.
Out in the corrals, Mocha's owner, Riley Lewis, hears upsetting news: Babies - weanlings - are selling for $10 and $15. Even the best saddle horses - the well-fed ones that have been bathed, groomed and shod - are going for just a few hundred dollars.
Her heart sinks as she brushes Mocha.
With two horses at home and a 10-month-old son, Lewis doesn't have time for the youngster. She's hoping a family will fall in love with the well-behaved, glossy filly - an appendix quarter horse, or thoroughbred-quarter horse cross - and buy her for $100.
But in her heart, Lewis knows better.
Mocha will likely be sold for meat.
“I didn't want to bring her,” Lewis explains, her voice heavy. “She doesn't even know what's going on and what's going to happen to her.”
Buyers at Missoula's monthly sale can get a young horse for, in some cases, less than they'd pay for a shelter dog.
Those that aren't sold - and that's most of them - go for
15 cents a pound. Meat buyers haul them to Canada and Mexico for slaughter. (See related story.)
Sales volume has actually increased 20 percent in the last six months, but there's more supply than demand, according to Kent Kerchal, Missoula Livestock Exchange manager.
Two years ago, Kerchal sold a 10-year-old palomino gelding for $10,000. In September, when the auction held its fall catalogue sale, an annual event that attracts top-end horses, the high price of the day was $5,100 for a gelding saddle horse.
Last week, the auction house worked hard to get the high bid of $2,100 for an attractive 5-year-old gelding, and even harder to get $400 for an flashy pedigreed 4-year-old quarter horse mare that's never been ridden.
“Nothing is selling very good right now, be it a horse or a truck,” Kerchal said. “Especially if the horses aren't broke. And it's especially tough on the mares and the young ones.”
A trip through the auctioneer's corrals shows some horses in rough shape.
Most are matted and muddy, and several have gouges on their back. One has an open gash that stretches from its leg to its hoof. Another's leg balloons with infection from an untreated cut.
Jacqui Davis takes it all in as she roams the sale lot before the auction begins, looking for a “project” to take home.
“I think people have been holding out trying to sell them for high dollars, but they can't,” she says. “I get upset because I feel they shouldn't starve their horses before they bring them here.”
She peers between the metal bars and scrutinizes the big-eyed beasts in every pen.
“I wonder why aren't the activists here,” Davis says. “Why aren't they here to see what happens to horses when people don't take care of them?”
She lingers at a corral that holds a ribby horse whose awkward, stretched-out stance indicates a crippling lameness.
A slip of paper on the gate describes this skinny resident.
“For meat only,” it reads.
Davis shakes her head in wonderment.
“An old horse like this? If it's hurting, I wouldn't bring it to this hell,” she says. “I would have it put down humanely.”
No matter what people think about putting horses down, or selling them for slaughter, the fact is horses are in crisis and something needs to be done about it, said Victor horse breeder Theresa Manzella.
Manzella spearheaded Willing Servants, a Bitterroot grass-roots organization founded in response to a case of equine neglect this past summer. Two women came across a near-dead gelding tied to a tree in the Bitterroot Mountains. A father-and-son duo from Georgia face cruelty charges in the case.
The abused horse was dubbed Able, and his sorry tale prompted calls from animal lovers nationwide, offering to help. Able's story also sparked communitywide discussions about what to do with unwanted, neglected or abused horses.
Manzella's motivation in forming Willing Servants was simple: “I realized there is a huge hole in our animal welfare system and I want to help.”
If enough volunteers step forward, Willing Servants will apply for nonprofit status and work to prevent equine abuse by increasing the penalties for offenders.
The group's other main objective, Manzella said, is to help unwanted, neglected or confiscated horses find new homes and to raise money to help care for these animals.
“We are only limited by funds and our creativity,” Manzella said. “Our goal is simple: To be proactive about trying to help these horses through our network of equine professionals, and help match these horses with people who will take care of them.”
As for the legal end of things, the fledgling organization is getting a helping hand from Darby lawmaker Rick Laible.
Laible said he's working on a bill that will redefine horses as domestic pets - not livestock - and will impose stiffer penalties for people involved with horse abuse cases.
The issue is close to his heart, Laible said.
“When you see evil, you want to fix it. It happened in my valley, and I'm a horse owner. That somebody would treat an animal as these men did defies excuse,” he said. “What happened to Able I don't want to ever happen again.”
Back at the Missoula auction, bids come in low and slow for every sale, despite the auctioneer's best efforts.
When the time finally comes for Riley Lewis to walk Mocha through the ring, she's filled with doubt.
Mocha shows off her calm and trusting nature, willingly following Lewis.
With each reluctant step, Lewis feels worse.
Her mind races: “Why did I bring Mocha to this? Why are we here?”
The moment of truth comes when the filly brings a final high bid of $15.
Lewis decides not to sell. In fact, in the end, she's the one who pays: It costs her $62 to pull Mocha from the auction.
She later confesses, “I don't think I would have sold her (even) for $100.”
On the drive back to the Bitterroot Valley, Mocha nibbles at grain as her trailer rolls down the highway, nearing the end of the strange field trip.
Lewis smiles the whole way home.
Many unwanted horses sold to foreign slaughterhouses
By BETSY COHEN of the Missoulian
What to do with unwanted horses is an increasingly difficult problem - and one without easy solutions.
The bottom has dropped out of the sale market for horses, something to which Kent Kerchal, manager of the Missoula Livestock Exchange, can attest.
Many of the horses sold there, even trained riding horses, end up being sold for meat and shipped to slaughterhouses in Mexico or Canada. Horse slaughter ended in the United States in 2007.
But slaughter isn't the only option, he said.
“Call the vet,” he said. “That's what you do. Have the animal put down.”
Easier said than done, especially when money is tight, said Linda Kauffman, a Stevensville veterinarian.
It costs about $100 for a vet to euthanize a horse. Then it's another $100 to rent a bulldozer operator to dig a hole and bury a horse.
Owners who don't have the land for burial can call the knacker, who hauls the body to a rendering plant. That's another $100.
Which brings the situation back around to slaughterhouses, Kauffman said.
She said she's in favor of slaughtering horses in the United States if the business returns with governing boards that ensure ethical slaughter as defined by national veterinary associations.
Shawn Gleason, a Victor veterinarian, shares her sentiments.
“Without slaughter facilities, it's taken away an avenue for people to move older horses, or any horses for that matter,” Gleason said. “Some of these people, instead of getting a few dollars from their animals, now it costs them to get rid of their animals. ... In my opinion, it probably has created more neglect to a degree - at least that's my perception.”
Longtime rancher and horse broker Ole Olson of Elko, Nev., places most of the blame on the Humane Society of the United States and other organizations that lobbied Congress to end horse slaughtering.
“Stopping horse slaughter in this country was the worst thing that ever happened, because people don't have a market to take their animals,” said Olson.
He's a regular at the Missoula horse auction, and makes the long journey from Elko to buy and sell horses.
If the price is right, he'll bid on the healthy young horses that haven't been ridden or the rank good-looking ones. After hauling them back to his ranch, his staff of experienced riders put miles on the horses, gets them trained and better conditioned. Then Olson resells the animals at other auctions.
Last Tuesday, an untrained pony he bought for $100 in Missoula two months ago sold to a family for $550.
But he also buys the others, the “loose” auction horses, the ones that aren't led in by someone, but rather are moved through as a group at the end of the auction, when crowds have thinned.
Meat buyers seek those horses.
“If there's anything we can salvage, we will,” Olson explains, “but what else can someone do with the old ones and the crippled ones and the mares nobody wants? If people can't take them to slaughter, we'll be having people turning animals loose on the freeway and that's not right.”
The Humane Society of the United States also sees a rise in horse neglect and abuse, but said it's not because American slaughterhouses have been taken out of the equation.
It's because there are too many horses.
Keith Dane, the organization's chief equine protection specialist, explains it this way:
“What we would like is for the horse industry to look at the economy and the demand for their product and reflect that in their breeding practices. Unfortunately, that has not been happening.”
Last year, 106,963 American horses were slaughtered in Canada and Mexico. That compares to 133,912 in 2006 and 111,649 in 2005.
The numbers speak for themselves, Dane said, and what they say is that the United States is irresponsible when it comes to breeding horses.
“We believe there are solutions in achieving equilibrium, where there is virtually no horse oversupply,” he explains. “In the 1990s, over 300,000 horses were slaughtered in one year, and we've come down to 100,000 in the last couple of years and as low as 40,000 in 2002.
“We believe there is no reason not to get that number down to zero through more responsible breeding, by placing horses in good homes and the adoption of unwanted horses.”
Dane is adamant that if the United States purges itself of the horse slaughter option, people will make more responsible decisions.
The Humane Society is working on new legislation to permanently stop all horse slaughter for human consumption, making it illegal to transport horses to Canada and Mexico for slaughter.
Dane challenges all critics to get on the Internet and read the investigations into Mexican slaughterhouses.
Not only do horses endure the long truck drive across the border, with trailers jammed to maximum capacity with untethered animals and many individuals getting severely injured on the journey, he said. But when horses finally get to the facility, they are knifed several times in the spinal cord, rendered paralyzed but not unconscious before slaughter.
“It's pretty gruesome,” said Dane, who has reviewed the evidence. “If people knew of the treatment their horses get in Mexico, where most of them go, they would think twice about looking at slaughter as the only means available for dealing with horses.”
Reach reporter Betsy Cohen at (406) 523-5253 or by e-mail at bcohen@missoulian.com.
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gregg wrote on Nov 16, 2008 3:03 AM:
these people can't even support themselves....where did they ever get a horse in the first place. this is disgusting.......horses are a great animal..... I say a month in the county tank for abusers. "
Carola Mielke wrote on Nov 16, 2008 8:36 AM:
I was raised on a ranch and know the reality of it all. Horses are a working part of the ranch. You don't see true farmers and ranchers mistreating their animals. Only those who want to play that they have a farm or ranch, and it looks cool to have horses out in the pasture. Don't tie the hands of those who would care properly for their horses. Talk to some real horse people before your make a decision on how you feel about this situation. "
Carol wrote on Nov 16, 2008 9:14 AM:
Tina Nicola wrote on Nov 16, 2008 9:37 AM:
Fred Garvin wrote on Nov 16, 2008 12:54 PM:
Fonda Ghiardi wrote on Nov 16, 2008 1:22 PM:
Ann M. Marini Ph.D. M.D. wrote on Nov 16, 2008 1:33 PM:
Ele wrote on Nov 16, 2008 4:51 PM:
Di wrote on Nov 16, 2008 6:50 PM:
Karen wrote on Nov 17, 2008 6:48 AM:
But, the plants that are receiving 99% of the horses are regulated processing plants like we had in the US. Those horses are being processed for shipment for human consumption to Europe, and their laws mandate the processing procedure. So the horror stories of Mexican slaughter is not entirely true.
Check out the Unwanted Horse Coalition. Yes the fines or repercussions of abuse or neglect should have more bite to it, but putting horses in the "pet/companion animal" section will only put more taxes and more regulations that no one can enforce. Horses are livestock, not pets.
And if we cannot enforce the laws to make people take care of their children, how do we think we can force people to take care of their horses? "
Dave Skinner wrote on Nov 17, 2008 9:45 AM:
By golly, let's get slaughter for sale back in the picture. The French like to eat horsemeat, dogs like to eat horsemeat, and you don't have to get a bulldozer.
Nuts. Shame on HSUS. "
Big Jim wrote on Nov 17, 2008 10:47 AM:
Lexi wrote on Nov 17, 2008 11:54 AM:
NONE of these poor animals, be they domestic pets OR livestock, should be treated this way. None of them..... "
kim wrote on Nov 17, 2008 12:11 PM:
Alison wrote on Nov 17, 2008 12:35 PM:
D. Masters wrote on Nov 17, 2008 3:25 PM:
For you profolks, why don't you demand production records like traditional meat livestock and humane slaughter. "
Barbara Burns wrote on Nov 17, 2008 6:09 PM:
marcie wrote on Nov 17, 2008 6:09 PM:
D. Masters wrote on Nov 17, 2008 6:13 PM:
D. Masters wrote on Nov 17, 2008 6:24 PM:
PETA didn't have anything to do with the closure of the 3 (2 TX & 1 IL) slaughterhouses for horses (all foreign owned, not paying US taxes, employing illegals BTW). The 3 were closed by the STATES! Congress has not passed any legislation banning horse slaughter for human consumption. Also, there are more than a few US slaughterhouses that still handle disposal and rendering of horses...but you knew that, right??? Difference is the meat is not for human consumption. But you both knew that, right??? Stop with the horse slaughter drivel and get the facts. While you're at it, stop breeding horses with poor pedigrees, no show or race records, poor confirmation/genetic disease and no accountability for owner disposal. They can live for 30 years folks, with proper care. Or is that something you all don't consider?...and yes, I own horses. "
D. Masters wrote on Nov 17, 2008 7:04 PM:
Forgot to add...HSUS didn't pass any freakin' law that stopped horse slaughter in the US (although they'd like to stop the transport). I'm not an animal RIGHTS, left-wing, vegan PETA loon. I'm an animal welfare and people welfare person (for that matter) that served my country for 30+ years. Take the time to understand the issue here. It's not a matter of emotions or some city folks tryin' to tell you how to take care of your animal. This is about RIGHT AND WRONG! And horse slaughter as it is now is WRONG, MADAM..cruel, brutal and unaccountable, unchecked and UNREGULATED!. I'm not against eating horsemeat(I'm not going to), but I'm against how it's done now! Now, what is your solution to TOO MANY HORSES??? "
Ray Woodside wrote on Nov 17, 2008 8:11 PM:
I read with interest your acticles inSundays paper about the horse problems of late. I wn 12 mules and horses, so know of the problems first hand. I do think that you are way off base in most of your coments about the problems. Horses are not some little animal a person can put in a cage and feed then whenever one think about it. They need constant feed and care and that isn't cheap. If you want to know the problems from some one who has owned and ridden horses all their life, please feel free to contact me...
Ray Woodside www.potomacmules.com
31085 Bring Your Own Horse Lane 1-406-244-5861
Potomac, MT 59823 1-406-544-8398 cell
rayw@blackfoot.net
May your troubles be less, your blessing more,
and nothing but happiness comes through your door!! "
Heidi wrote on Nov 18, 2008 8:58 AM:
marcie wrote on Nov 18, 2008 6:00 PM:
Abrooks wrote on Nov 19, 2008 7:21 AM:
Abrooks wrote on Nov 19, 2008 7:38 AM:
We absolutely don't need more government regulation!! Seriously, the government is in a big enough mess as it is.. Why should the tax payers have to bear this burden as well?? The owners should have the right to do with their horses as they see fit. "
Jamie wrote on Nov 20, 2008 2:49 PM:
Anyone have any ideas? "
cheryl wrote on Nov 23, 2008 4:06 PM:
ellieroo wrote on Nov 25, 2008 12:25 PM:
kim l wrote on Dec 2, 2008 11:52 AM:



Thomas Lee Trevino wrote on Nov 16, 2008 1:42 AM: